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为降低二次铝灰的环境风险，提升资源化水平，采用二次铝灰和城市生活垃圾焚烧灰渣制备陶粒。通过热反应特性、物相特征、重金属保留率、浸出毒性及赋存形态分析，研究二次灰渣制备陶粒过程中烧结机理及重金属演化规律。结果表明：热反应过程包含二次铝灰铝元素氧化及城市生活垃圾焚烧灰渣中氯化物和碳酸盐的挥发分解。随着温度的升高或二次铝灰添加量的减少，陶粒宏、微观由粗糙松散转为光滑致密，形成新物相CaAl_2Si_2O8和Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)_2O6。重金属保留率呈Mn>Cr>Ni>Cu>Pb>Cd>Zn趋势，且随着温度的升高先下降后上升；Cu、Ni及Zn保留率与二次铝灰掺量呈正相关。烧结后Cr、Mn及Ni残渣态可达95%以上，而Zn、Cd、Pb及Cu则存在一定量的酸可提取态，重金属浸出浓度均满足《危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别》(GB 5085.3—2007)要求。
Abstract：To mitigate the environmental risks of secondary aluminum ash and enhance its resource utilization level,ceramsite was produced using secondary aluminum ash and municipal solid waste incineration fly and bottom ash.The sintering mechanism and the evolution law of heavy metals in the process of ceramsite production from secondary fly and bottom ash were investigated through the analyses of thermal reaction characteristics,phase features,heavy metal retention rate,leaching toxicity and speciation.The results indicated that the thermal reaction process involves the oxidation of aluminum elements in secondary aluminum ash and the volatilization and decomposition of chlorides and carbonates in municipal solid waste incineration fly and bottom ash.As the the increase of temperature or the decrease of the amount of secondary aluminum ash added,the macroscopic and microscopic appearance of the ceramsite shifted from being rough and loose to being smooth and dense,forming new phases such as CaAl2 Si2 O8 and Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)_2O6.The retention rates of heavy metals displayed a trend of Mn>Cr>Ni>Cu>Pb>Cd>Zn,initially decreasing and then increasing with the elevation of sintering temperatures;the retention rates of Cu,Ni and Zn were positively correlated with the amount of secondary aluminum ash.After sintering,the residue state content of Cr,Mn and Ni can exceed 95%,whereas Zn,Cd,Pb and Cu are present in certain amounts in the acid-extractable state.The leaching concentrations of all heavy metals meet the requirements of the “Identification Standards for Hazardous Wastes Identification for Extraction Toxicity”(GB 5085.3—2007).
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基本信息:
中图分类号:X705
引用信息:
[1]何旺泽,杨金忠,黄启飞,等.二次铝灰制陶粒过程中烧结机理及重金属转化规律研究[J].青岛理工大学学报,2025,46(06):72-81.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金（52200179）