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3D打印混凝土(3DPC)技术不仅实现了快速高效的建筑构件制造，还能通过优化设计提高建筑墙体的热工性能。3DPC使用层叠打印工艺，墙体内部会产生空腔，但3DPC墙体的空腔形态通常设计为简单几何形状，缺乏对空腔形态与墙体热工性能之间关系的考虑。采用泰森多边形算法、L-system算法设计墙体构件的空腔形态，并进行热工性能模拟，研究了壁厚、空腔体积比、空腔密度分布、空腔体积极差、空腔排布等因素对热工性能的作用规律。结果表明，不同的空腔形态会影响墙体构件的热工性能，随着空腔体积比的增大，墙体构件的导热系数逐渐变小；空腔密度越大，导热系数越大；空腔体积的极差越小，构件导热系数越大；空腔排布方式为由密到疏的构件导热系数比由疏到密的构件更小。
Abstract：3D printed concrete(3DPC) technology allows fast and efficient production of building components, and also enhances the thermal performance of building walls through optimized design. The 3DPC uses a method of printing that involves stacking layers, resulting in the formation of cavities within the wall. Nevertheless, the cavity within 3DPC walls is commonly designed as a basic geometric shape, without taking into consideration the correlation between cavity shape and the thermal performance of the wall. Algorithms such as Voronoi and L-system were used to design the cavity shape of wall components and thermal performance simulations were carried out to examine the impact of factors such as wall thickness, cavity volume ratio, cavity density distribution, cavity volume range and cavity layout on their thermal performance. The results show that the thermal performance of wall components can be influenced by various cavity shapes. As the cavity volume ratio increases, the thermal conductivity of wall components gradually decreases; as the cavity density increases, the thermal conductivity also increases; as the cavity volume range decreases, the thermal conductivity of the components increases. The thermal conductivity of the components whose cavity layout transits from dense to sparse is smaller than that of the components whose cavity layout transits from sparse to dense.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:TU111.4
引用信息:
[1]王猛,石新羽,崔维久,等.3D打印混凝土墙体构件空腔形态设计及热工性能模拟研究[J].青岛理工大学学报,2026,47(01):1-10.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(52008224)
2026-02-28
2026-02-28